Current Review and Simplified 5-Point Management Algorithm for Keratoconus
Purpose
To propose a simplified five point management algorithm for the treatment of keratoconus.
Methods
Based on a brief review of literature and our own studies we have designed a simplified five point management algorithm for keratoconus.
Results
Keratoconus is a progressive, non-inflammatory ectatic corneal disease. Though the etiology remains unknown, novel techniques are continuously emerging for the diagnosis and management of the disease. Demographical parameters affect the rate of progression of the disease. Common methods of vision correction for keratoconus range from spectacles and rigid gas-permeable contact lenses to other specialized lenses such as piggyback, Rose-K or Boston scleral lenses. Corneal collagen cross-linking is effective in stabilizing the progression of the disease. Intra-corneal ring segments can improve vision by flattening the cornea in patients with mild to moderate keratoconus. Topography-guided custom ablation treatment betters the quality of vision by correcting the refractive error and improving the contact lens fit. In advanced keratoconus with corneal scarring, lamellar or full thickness penetrating keratoplasty will be the treatment of choice.
Conclusion
With such a wide spectrum of alternatives available, it is necessary to choose the best possible treatment option for each patient. Our simplified management algorithm helps to ease the process.