Demographic, Ocular, and Comorbidity Characteristics of Glaucoma Suspects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea at UTSW Medical Center
Purpose
To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in glaucoma suspects and to determine the ophthalmic characteristics, associated systemic risk factors, and demographic characteristics of glaucoma suspects with obstructive sleep apnea compared to the general population of glaucoma suspects
Methods
Retrospective chart review. Inclusion criteria were glaucoma suspect ICD-9 diagnosis or age and sex matched non-glaucoma suspects. A secondary database search was conducted for patients with concomitant ICD-9 diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. Subjects not between the ages of 18 and 99 and patients with a diagnosis of glaucoma were excluded. Patients seen at UT Southwestern during the period of January 1, 2010 to January 16, 2014. The first 250 charts from each database were reviewed and characterized. Outcome measures included OSA prevalence in glaucoma suspects versus controls, and characteristics of glaucoma suspects with OSA compared to glaucoma suspects without.
Results
There was no difference in the prevalence of OSA between glaucoma suspects and controls (p=0.203). Racial demographics of glaucoma suspects with and without obstructive sleep apnea differed with a high degree of statistical significance (p <0.0001). Over 51% of the 189 glaucoma suspects who also had OSA were black, and >75% of black glaucoma suspects had OSA, despite only 16.8% of glaucoma suspects being black (70.7% white). Glaucoma suspects with OSA had higher rates of hypertension, diabetes (53%), coronary artery disease (24.6%), and obesity (>75%) (p<0.0001). No statistical difference in cup-to-disk (p>0.39), IOP (p>0.68), CCT (p>0.2), or family history (p=.21).
Conclusion
High OSA prevalence exists in black glaucoma suspects compared to other racial groups, which may help guide sleep study referral. Prevalence of OSA is not higher in glaucoma suspects compared to the general patient population. Cup-to-disk, IOP, CCT, and family history are similar in glaucoma suspects with or without OSA.